Wednesday 20 May 2015

LO5 - Reflection

1a.) For this assignment we were given the task of writing a script for the news segment of Games Corner for Sheffield Live!. This script had to suit the show and be fit for purpose with sources to support our research of news stories. We feel that we achieved writing in this set style, matching the style and genre of the source, and also believe that our scripted news segment would appeal to the viewers of the show.

1b.) Our audience's gender is hopefully going to be a mix, although it seems more likely that due to the video game content it will mostly appeal to boys. We have since improved our script to make sure that there are equal amounts of dialogue between the two hosts. This will attract both genders to the show as they will see that the hosts are a male and a female and relate with the host who they identify with based on gender. This equal gender setting between hosts not only allows for a larger variety in audiences but also discourages any allegations or sexism or gender preference, which would offend and cause for a loss in viewers. Equal screen time between hosts is evidenced in our highlighted script below, showing Vicky's dialogue (pink) and Jordan's dialogue (blue) being roughly equal as the stories transition between them.


It is most likely that due to the content being related to video games that the show will appeal to teenagers as they're more likely to play and enjoy the games mentioned in the show. Due to the age range, we have made the show more relatable for them being letting the hosts speak informally to the audience. The informality can make the speech more humourous as the hosts will make jokes based upon some of the news stories; an example of this can be seen in the extra of our scripted news segment below. The intended audience should hopefully enjoy this humour intended at those of this specific age demographic.








Our script has been written especially for the use of Games Corner, a product by Sheffield Live!. Due to this, we can confidently say that it is targeted locally at people within the Yorkshire area. We attempted to appeal to this audience by trying to include news stories that related to Sheffield in some way. As Sheffield Live! is a community radio, it is expected that the content featured is specifically for members of the community. Unfortunately, at this moment in time we were unable to find news stories about gaming that related to Sheffield in any way; this is something that we would have to improve in future when working on tasks such as this.

We expect that our targeted audience will be C2DE in terms of ABC1 demographics. We feel this way as Sheffield Live! is suited for and supportive of diverse and ethnic minorities of the community. As this show is intended for teenagers, it is likely from most teenage lifestyles that a majority of our audience do not have proffesion so instead collect income from their parents/guardians. Due to this low income, we can assume that although they may have a passion for video games, they may only have one game console, meaning that only some of our news stories will be relevant to them (exampled in the audience profile below). Matt and I feel that to improve our script would be to research which gaming consoles our viewers own, that way we could include more stories that are releavant and appealing to them as they will have a chance to play it. We would conduct this research via survey.

Audience profile - Harry is 15 years old. He is planning on starting working doing a newspaper round but currently has no job. Harry recieves pocket money from his mum and occasionally as a gift from his dad. Last year Harry recieved an Xbox as his birthday present from his mum, which he now plays on consisatently. He enjoys watching "Let's Play" videos on Youtube, as well Games Corner. His favourite section of the show is the news segment, but he preffered their section reporting on Halo and GTA rather than the report on Super Mario for the nintendo.



 http://www.abc1demographic.co.uk/

2a.) When receiving feedback from Vicky, she advised us on how to improve our script. She helpfully recommended that we try to keep the dialogue between the two hosts to equal amounts, make the speech more informal, and collect a larger variety of news stories.

2b.) We understood that the recommendation of equal amounts of dialogue between hosts is to allow  for equal air time for both hosts instead of relying on just one of them to do most of the work. By allowing for equal air time between hosts also shows the audience that there is no preference for a certain gender, discouraging any legal and ethical issues around sexism.

By making the speech more informal, we are creating a more relaxed and friendly atmosphere for viewers, encouraging people to watch; this is better suited for the teenage demographic we are trying to appeal to, so more informal speech makes the script more fit for purpose.

Vicky instructed that when looking for news stories, we should collect a variety of stories. She went on to explain that, although all the news stories had to be video game related, we should avoid having stories that all relate to the same premise. For example, our original script included multiple news stories that informed of video game release dates, whilst Vicky suggested that we could include stories about video game event, indie developers, technology news, etc.

Vicky also pointed out that are news stories could a mixture of local, regional and international video game news stories (e.g. ranging from Sheffield based game developers, like Team Cooper or Sumo Digital, to other established video game producers like games for Nintendo or Xbox).

By adding different video game news stories, we avoid the script becoming boring by focusing on the same subject. We are also able to provide more information to the audience by having a wider range of stories, which is what a news show/segment should attempt to achieve, meaning that by doing this also makes the script fit for purpose.

3a.) In her feedback, Vicky said that we had to change the following items to our scripts:
- Equal amounts of dialogue for both hosts. She feels that she is delivering most our written dialogue so we should share the scripted speech between her and co-host Jordan.
- Make the dialogue more informal. Vicky felt that one of the strongest parts of our scripts was the informal section and encouraged the rest of the script to be in this style.
- Collect a larger range of news stories. Vicky wanted to see different video game news stories other than release dates.

3b.) Based on the given feedback we shall take the following steps to improve our script:
- We shall attempt to make the dialogue between the two hosts equal, giving them scripted news segments in turns.
- We shall include more informal dialogue within our script, as well as making appropriate segments humourous.
- We shall continue researching video game related news stories and include them in our script, focusing on different stories other than one specific story type.

4a.) Based on the feedback and news scripts I looked at, I believe that our script is fit for purpose, as it includes all the appropriate camera angle instructions that a news script should feature, as I have noted from the example news scripts I studied. We have backed all our news stories with research on the subjects, and I also believe the deliverance (the way the dialogue has been set out) is also to a suitable standard.

4b.) In our original script, we tried to keep the language and dialogue formal most of the time as we were basing our news script on the other news scripts/shows we had seen, where they are mostly encouraged to deliver the news in an informative and formal tone. However, we did include some informal portions to the script to create humour, which we felt would suit the style of Game's Corner better; Vicky also felt this way, and encouraged that we make the script more informal when adding improvements to it, as she felt that the informal section was one the strongest sections of our original script.

4c.) The script has been formatted correctly, although the original did have some positioning issues, but we have corrected this when making our improvements to the script. The script follows the conventions of any script by being written in the fount Courier, size 12.

4d.) The script follows convention by including camera angle instructions and information on who is speaking and what they are saying.

4e.) Within our original script, the tone and mode of address was more of a teacher to pupil approach, as our purpose was to inform the audience. However, after we received feedback suggesting that we make the dialogue more informal, to mode of address became more peer to peer to make the show more friendly and welcoming.

5a.) Our script's content may cause some issues in terms of audience age regulations as it promotes and shows images/footage from games, such as Borderlands, which have been given a PEGI rating of 18.

5b.) As a result of Borderland's PEGI 18 rating, we (Games Corner, my teammate and I) would have to attempt to resolve this problem by deciding if this can be featured in the show. However, this decision doesn't just rely on our own opinions and views on the subject, as we must take the audience's opinions into consideration. One of the Ofcom T.V. regulations is that any show before watershed cannot contain content that is inappropriate for anyone under the age of 18. If this segment was permitted to air, the images/footage chosen would have to avoid showing any graphic and/or inappropriate content as to avoid offending any viewers and avoid breaking any Ofcom regulations.

5c.) Due to the format of the show, Games Corner is sometimes required to be biased as it is a review show. As a result of this, the hosts will express their own opinions on games. Most news shows cannot show any form of favoutism or dislike to the subject they are reporting as they are required to simply report informatively and not opinionated; this is where Games Corner news segment differs to the normal format of most news shows.

5d.) Due to our script, the show would have to gain copyright permission to permit them to air certain pieces of footage (e.g. Example of gameplay from one of  the games mentioned). For example, at one point it goes to a shot showing snippets of the game Borderlands: The Handsome Jack Collection. For this, Games Corner will need to receive permission from 2K Games, Inc. to demonstrate this game.



5e.) It is essential that our news stories, other than those reported as rumours and speculations, are factual and liable. To clarify that the news stories featured in our script do not cause any libel issues we check that they are from reliable sources. If a reliable source has not yet reported on a story found, then we could back it up with muliple news souces reporting on the story. If a story is not located from a reliable news source and cannot be found on multiple websites, we would have to question the authenticity of the story and most likely remove it as we would not have enough evidence to support the story.

LO4 - Final Script

Below is our final script, where we took the feedback we were given and applied it to the script to add improvements. By apply these changes we made the final product more informal with equal amounts of dialogue for both hosts, showing the audience equality between hots and genders and relating to the audience by speaking in a relaxed and informal manner.

Even before these alterations were made, Vicky K. (a representative from Sheffield Live!'s Game Corner) said that she felt the script was to a professional standard and that it was fit for purpose. We believe this to also be true, especially now that we have followed her advice on how to improve the script. We are impressed and pleased with the final outcome of our script.





Monday 18 May 2015

LO4 - Tutor Feedback

Below shows the feedback I received from my tutor based on my work, listing improvements that need to be made.


Below is the feedforward sheet I created in response to the tutor feedback, listing ways in which I will improve my work and how I shall achieve these set goals.


Monday 11 May 2015

LO4 - Production Plan and Meeting Minutes - 11/5/15

Below is the production plan we created based upon our meeting minutes in responce to the feedback on our script.


Below are our meeting minutes.

Wednesday 6 May 2015

LO4 - Games Corner Script Feedback

22/04/15 - Below is evidence of the e-mails sent to gain feedback. This first image shows the e-mail I sent to teammate Matt and my tutor with the probing questions for Vicky Kilby. I did not have Vicky's e-mail address so I wasn't capable to send the e-mail to her myself.
Beneath that is the e-mail Matt sent to Vicky including our script and questions.



6/5/15 - In today's session I will be recieving feedback from Games Corner host Vicky Kilby on the Games Corner news script we prepared. She will answer the five preared questions about the script. Her feedback will be voice recorded and I will also note down key points from the feedback for teammate Matt Poole, who is unable to attend this session due to an exam he is taking part in at the same time.

Below is the feedback we recieved from Vicky Kilby in responce to our questions.



Below are the notes taken when receiving feedback.


Below is the recorded conversation that took place when we were given our feedback.

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w8enb3jO9sU


How we will Respond to Feedback

Improvements to be made: -
*We must make sure that the amount of speech by each host is an equal amount to the other host. For this we will provide Jordan with some more dialogue to match Vicky.

*We need more variety in the content of the video game news stories. We will include other news stories, other than just game releases, such as video game related events, game developers and new game technology. We will also be including stories that are both local and international.

*We will create a more relaxed and informal approach to the show by including more informal and comical dialogue, such as the dialogue used towards the end of the original script.

Wednesday 22 April 2015

LO3 - Script (Original versions.)

Original Script
Below is our team's original script for Sheffield Live!'s television magazine show Games Corner's news segment, developed by teammate Matt Poole and I.









The information collected for the script above were collected from the website links below:
http://www.techtimes.com/articles/52852/20150513/the-witcher-3-doubles-as-a-beard-simulator.htm
http://www.gospelherald.com/articles/55332/20150501/tom-clancys-division-rainbow-siege-six-release-date-ps4-xbox-one-trailer.htm
http://www.gamespot.com/articles/bloodborne-release-date-delayed/1100-6423528/
http://www.gottabemobile.com/2015/03/21/bloodborne-release-date-5-things-buyers-need-to-know/
http://uk.ign.com/articles/2015/01/20/new-bundle-brings-borderlands-2-and-pre-sequel-to-next-gen

Initial Improvements/Corrections
Below is the original script but with positioning issues corrected so it appears as a standard T.V. script should do. We have also included where voiceovers should be included via sound instructions. Extra camera angle instructions have been added as before we put "CUT BACK TO STUDIO" instead of "CUT BACK TO LEVEL TWO SHOT" as we have when correcting errors. We have now made the host's names bold so that it stand out to make it clear which is host is presenting which segment. Some of the capitilized names appear to be off centre, this is a result of the way they have been printscreened.

















Monday 20 April 2015

LO2 - TASK 6 - Production Plan and Meeting Minutes.

Below is our team's meeting minutes, created by Matt Poole on 16.3.15.


Below is our teams planned Production plan, written by Matt Poole.

UPDATE: - 22/4/15
Oliver H has since left the group.

LO2 - TASK 5 - Audience Profile

James is a 15 years old boy and is currently in preparing for his exams in secondary school.

In his spare time James likes to relax by playing video games on his Xbox 360 or PS4. His favourite video games to play are Halo and Skyrim. James spends most of his spare time playing video games and watching online video reviews, one of his favourites being Gamespot. He is also interested in the YouTube community and has subscribed to many different gaming related YouTube channels.

James’s favourite genres of music include dubstep and rock music. He and his friends listen to it together in their rooms and like to converse over Skype and other social media websites. He often meets up and goes out with to town with his friends, visiting locations such as HMV and fast food restaurants like KFC or McDonalds. 


James fits within the demographic of ABC1, probably fitting best within he B – C section of the demographic. James receives a high income from both his parents.  

LO2 - TASK 4 - Moodboard

Below is the moodboard I created when planning what to feature in the script. The moodboard summarises ideas of what the script should feature, what the target audience will be like and what appeals to them. The moodboard also contains elements that relate to video games, news channels, Games Corner and Sheffield Live!.


Monday 13 April 2015

LO2 - TASK 3 - Mind Map of Initial Ideas

Below is the mind map of our initial ideas when planning what content we felt suitable to include when writing our script.





LO2 - TASK 2 - Who I am Working With: Team Members and Job Roles

For this unit/project, I will be working in a group with Matt Poole and Oliver Hardy.
I will be responsible for research required for making the script and questions to receive feedback on the script.
Oliver will be joining me to help with the task of collecting research.
Matt has taken responsibility for writing the script.

We are to product the script for 27/3/15.

UPDATE - 22/4/15
Oliver H has since left the group.

Thursday 19 March 2015

LO1 - TASK 3 - Style and Content Questions and Answers

Style and Content

Language - Formal or Informal?

Within the film script/screenplay for 'Singing in the Rain', the formality of dialogue depends upon the characters and scenario. For example, Don, Cosmo and Kathy are friends in the film, so will often interact informally with each other, especially Cosmo who is used as the comic relief tool, so will speak informally unless confronted by his boss, who he is aware he must address formally. Another character who is often spoken to formally is Lina, a famous screen star who many want to impress and please as to keep her happy so that she will stay on the film project.

We understand that well aquatinted characters will interact informally, as is the norm. Meanwhile, characters who are spoken to formally tend to be of higher status within the film business, be they boss or celebrity. This is mostly likely due to the person speaking to them wanting to leave a good impression and not offend them out of fear of being 'blackballed'.

Within the script section provided we can witness a character's change in formality. Dora is intruding big-named celebrities as they arrive to an event, complimenting them with words such as "...star..."  "...famous..." "...well-known, eligible..." followed by stage directions of "...applause...", showing how much they are in admiration of them for their high social status. However, when Cosmo arrives at the event, Dora's MOA changes mid-sentence, saying "Why it's -- who is it?", as she prepared to give another congratulatory introduction only to realise it wasn't someone she would regard as a celebrity, just before Cosmo is confronted by a crowd, all speaking with informal interrogatives starting with "Hey", again showing a change in the formality and respect depending on if they are a celebrity or not.

Meanwhile, a news anchor is expected to appropriately deliver the news to viewers, so their scripted dialogue is delivered formally throughout.

A new anchor may sometimes speak informally with their co-host but it should never be inappropriate and stay to public broadcast guidelines. For example, the second piece given is a story about someone who was killed in a car accident, so it would be in no way appropriate for a newsreader to speak informally during this serious subject.

Usually, pieces of informal conversation between news readers are not an actual scripted feature of the show. Nether news scripts provided contain any moments of informality.

Similarly to 'Singing in the Rain', the formality used depends upon the amount of respect between characters in the radio script example. The Captain speaks to the others with a little amount of respect, addressing them with the informal slang name "Boy", whilst the other characters are aware that he is of a higher rank to them, so respectfully address him by the formal title "Captain", establishing which character is in charge of who, helping the younger audience to understand.

In the provided example of a video game manuscript there is no dialogue as it is simply used to set the instructions. However, a video game can still included dialogue to be said by a character or appear on the screen. This type of dialogue is typically used to move the game forward by giving instructions or receive information from the player. For example, below is a picture from a Pokemon game, which shows the character Professor Oak asking "Are you a boy? Or are you a girl?". He asks a series of formal questions like this so that the player can set personal information such as their gender type and name.
http://oyster.ignimgs.com/wordpress/write.ign.com/165551/2014/08/Prof-Oak-Are-you-a-boy-or-a-girl-349x465.jpg

However, it is still possible for a video game character to speak informally, as evidenced by games such as the Deadpool video game, where the main protagonist is known for breaking the fourth wall by comminicating to the players and establishing that he is just part of a video game. Due to his awareness that it's just a game, he is more relaxed to situations as he knows they are not real and so will often speak informilly. One example of Deadpool speaking informilly is when he is mocking others by saying "Welcome to Loserville! Population:You!"; this informal speech is not used to gain any information for player or help them progress in the game, but rather to create humour as a way of entertaining the player.
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt2269724/quotes


House Style and Script Structure

One aspect that all the evidenced scripts share (except the text appearing on the teleprompter) is that they are all written in the same font - Courier, size 12 - the standard and expected font for any script, except in the case of a video game manuscript code or being presented on a teleprompter, as to make it more convenient to the programmer/reader.

A major difference between the exampled scripts is the use of visuals, dialogue and other sound aspects.

The film screenplay features many stage directions, "...walks..." "...shimmies..." and "...slinks..." are all different ways that the characters are instructed to move up the aisle on just this one page. Stage directions are important for any film, especially a movie like this as it is a musical that includes a variety of dancing scenes, so movements are essential. Other visual aspects are also amongst the stage directions, such as "A shabby car pulls up." as an indication of what is to appear on screen when shooting the scene.

Neither T.V. news script examples include any stage directions, as movement is not essential to reporting the news as it traditionally done whilst sat behind a desk. However, although there doesn't appear to be any within the examples, many T.V.  news scripts will come with camera angle instructions to inform the camera-operators and other backstage crew members which shots to use and at which point.

Aswell as camera angle instructions, a T.V. news script will also feature sound instructions. The sound instructions are used to instruct how the sound is to be transmitted. For example, within the second exampled news broadcast script it includes the sound instruction "VO/NAT". 'VO', an acronym for 'voiceover', instructs crew that the news anchors voice is heard over another piece of related visuals/footage to report on the subject as it is being shown to viewers. 'NAT', short for 'natural', is used with 'VO' to inform that both the news anchor's voice and the visuluals (providing that the visuals are pieces of footage with sound) can be heard at the same time, so they would overlap so the audience can hear the item presented and hear the anchor giving pieces of information on the subject at the same time.

The radio script doesn't use any form of stage directions or camera angle directions as it is a non-visual medium, so there is no camera or stage as if uses sound alone. To substitute for the lack of stage directions and camera angles directions, the radio script instead includes sound effect listings, which signify what sound effect is to be used and where. However, the sound effect included in this script are unlike the ones in the T.V. news script as the do not use terms such as 'VO' or 'NAT', but instead give indications of when music or sound is used by opening with "MUSIC:" or "SOUND:"
For example, one of the sound effects in 'The Lone Ranger' is "SOUND: HORSES' HOOFBEATS RIDE OFF", which informs the sound team that at this point in the scene there should be this sound effect. When the audience hears this, they would know that the horses are riding off, probably creating a metal image in their head as their is no real visual accompaniment. Due to the lack of visuals it is most likely that real horses were not acquired for recording and the sound effect was instead created using the method demonstrated in the video below.



A T.V. show and film will also have sound, but sound effects aren't written with so much emphasis. An example of this can be found in the provided screenplay example as it comes with the stage direction "There is applause...". Though this is a stage direction that signals a sound effect, the sound element is not dealt with as much importance. This is because "applause" signals for the actors to start clapping which is visual and sound direction to the actors. The actors, when given this instruction, would start clapping, and the 'sound effect' would a spontaneous outcome as a result, instead of being a well-created and recorded sound effect for a specific purpose, such as the ones used in radio.

A video game has to use all of the aspects mentioned above. The game relies on instructions on what the characters should do, which will be programmed into the manuscript by the creator and then selected by the player, so this is the stage direction as it instructs what actions are performed. The player's perspective on the game could be set by the creator chosen by the player, so the P.O.V. (substitute for camera angles) chooses how the character/game is observed. Lastly, sound effects are created/selected and placed in the game for certain moments (e.g. making a character touch an item triggers an alarm sound effect).

Narrative Structure

Linear or Non-Linear?

The film screenplay example is just a portion of a scene from the script for the full film.  'Singing in the Rain' takes the basic storytelling format of start, beginning and end, following continuity with scenes being presented in chronological order for the plot; This makes it a linear film. Whilst it is possible for a film not to follow the normal time pattern (e.g. Pulp Fiction, Memento) this is not one of those films. A script for a non-linear is probably more complex to write as it would repeat scenes or rearrange the order that they should appear. By breaking the conventional format by making it non-linear, it can also make the film more interesting for the viewers, as the story may be missing key factors, creating confusion and suspense for an audience as they will have to figure out what has happened or going to happen. This is the difference between a passive film and a spectacle.

It is difficult to confirm if a news script is linear or non-linear. The news anchor is expected to report the events in the order that they occurred, yet the start with the end piece of information. This can be seen in the second news script example as it is scripted that the reporter starts the report with "Two teens are facing homicide charges..." and then recalls the event that led to the final outcome that they said at the start. This could be so that the viewer starts with an understanding of the story and then given the additional information, similar to how a newspaper story will start with a summary within the headline and then explain in full with the written section, so T.V. news shows are following conventions that people are accustomed to receiving the news.

The radio script, like the film screenplay, is linear, but it isn't impossible for a radio script to be non-linear. For example, an episode of 'The Lone Ranger' could open with the Lone Ranger saving the day, and then the rest of the episode is him (or the announcer) recalling the events and actions that led to that moment, creating a non-linear episode.

Lastly, a video game manuscript has to be coded within a certain order to work, even if the requires programming the outcome action before the set-up action. The plot/story of a video game is usually linear, so that the levels can progress as the game continues. Although, it could be non-linear to make the game more challenging for the player as it disorientates them, again having the effect that a non-linear film would have on an audience, only the final outcome would depend upon the actions of the player.

Single Stranded or Multi-Stranded?

'Singing in the Rain', although has multiple characters, is just a single stranded story. Though it has three protagonists, the focus tends to always be on Don and the progression of his character and his career in film and how he effects other characters within the story instead of how the other characters are effected by him. You wouldn't be able to suspect this from the section of the script I have chosen as the example, as the character of Don has not yet been introduced.If the film presented more about the lives of the other characters and how they too progress, then it could be classed as multi-stranded.

A news report has narrative structure unlike all the others. A news show will report on true events, but they are not trying to recreate them (as a documentary/drama would), they just wish to give out pieces of information to the viewers, so it lacks a narrative structure and instead just present the show in segments/stories ordered in significance and relevance. This means that the news script has a running order unlike any other, as depends more upon the significance of the event rather than what place in time it happened that effect when it is told in the news report.

'The Lone Ranger' focuses around the adventures of the title character, making it single stranded. If an episode was aired that gave in-depth information about him and side-character Tonto, then it would be multi-stranded.

A video game is easily capable of being either single stranded or multi-stranded. For example, the original Super-Mario Bros. game could only be accessible by one player at a time, playing as either Mario or Luigi, making it single stranded. Meanwhile, the game Mario Kart can be accessed by number of player who have a range of characters to select, making it multi-stranded.

Genre

'Singing in the Rain' is a made-up story, so the screenplay is a written piece of fiction, despite the fact that the story was inspired and loosely based on true events, that being the cinematically historical transition from silent films to 'talkies'. The characters and plot are still fictitious.

A T.V.  news script is created for a news show, with the sole purpose of educating and informing viewers of current affairs/event. Therefore, the news script must be non-fiction as they are reporting true events. Should a news team exaggerate or report a piece of 'news' which they are aware is not factual, they would not only be breaking guidelines, they could also be facing a court case for slander.

Satirical news shows have been created, such as the controversial 90's comedy 'news' show Brass Eye, which was a scripted piece of fiction and the absurd and exaggerated stories were also clearly
fictitious. BBC news show Panorama purposely wrote a fake news segment in the late 1950's for April Fool's Day, but later revealed itself to be a hoax.

However, the two news scripts I have chosen as example are not fictional. They are reports of true events and are intended for real news shows.

http://www.nbc15.com/home/headlines/46539227.html

At the other end of the spectrum, 'The Lone Ranger', though believed to have been inspired by a real Texas Ranger Captain, is fictional. The Lone Ranger is a created character and takes part in fictional stories for the radio.

At one point in the example script segment, the announcer even hints at the fact that the character isn't real, stating "Nowhere in the pages of history can one find a greater champion of justice.", implying that that no one like him in history exists, reminding listeners that what they're listening to are not real events.

Just like Singing in the Rain, this fictional piece may have been inspired by true occurrences, however it is still a piece of fiction that was created with the purpose of entertaining an audience.

Finally, video games are almost fiction. Whilst it is possible for a video game to be based on true events or people, they are still characters on screen being controlled by a playing, meaning that their is no way for a video game story to be non-fiction.

Target Audience

'Singing in the Rain' could be classed as a family film, evident from the light hearted musical numbers throughout and content suitable for all ages. The film is rated U for Universal, meaning that it can be witnessed by all ages, easilyallowing it to be a family film. However, just because it has recieved a U rating does not mean that it IS intended as a family film, as the BBFC website states "This doesn't mean that all films rated U are children's film.". 'Singing in the Rain' could easily be one of those film as children may be confused by the complex plot of the film and uniterested by the adult characters. So 'Singing in the Rain' may be intended for adults but without contain mature content such as violence, sex, drugs and swearing.



http://www.bbfc.co.uk/what-classification/u

There is roughly an equal amount of main male characters as main female characters in 'Singing in the Rain', and contains a mix of music, romance and comedy, so the film is capable of appealing to both genders. Although, the musical numbers and romance may now attract more of a female audience, whether this was the intention of the filmmakers or not.

I can assume that the ABC1 demographic for the film is likely to be AB due to the main character themselves being upper class celebrities living a luxury life in Hollywood and the character Lina, who speaks commonly, is mocked for the way she talks. This film would be better understodd and appreciated by the upper classes as they would identify with characters more based on their lifestyles.

Due to the serious and graphic nature of the story featured in the second news script example, we know that this is intended for an adult demographic. Whilst televised news outlets for children do exist, the main one being CBBC's Newsround, T.V. executives are aware that most news shows stand a better chance of appealing to adult demographics ad they have more of interest and understanding for the stories being reported.

The announcer for 'The Lone Ranger' episodes is aware that this show is intended for children, and speaks to the listeners as such. His dialogue doesn't contain any complex words to allow the younger audience to understand. Radio dramas can be intended for an older audience, and will speak to them appropriately also. However, it is claimed that over half the audience of the show was made up of adults. Despite this, the show was still created with intentions of entertaining children and younge demographics.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lone_Ranger#Original_radio_series

It is clear from the complete lack of any female characters in 'The Lone Ranger', other than the occasional love interest, that the radio drama was targetted at the male demogrphic. It is also evidenced from the action and drama that they were attempting to appeal to want males wanted from the show.

I can guess that 'The Lone Ranger', in terms of ABC1 demographics, was intended for a AB demographic. I came to this conclusion from the fact that the show started in the early 1930's, when to have a radio in the house was expensize and usually would only be obtained by larger profit owners and not by the working class. By the 1950's, when radios in the home became more common, the show may have attempted to expand it's audience by appealing to the ABC1 demographic.

Video games manuscripts don't necessarily demonstrate who it is intended for. However, one the game has been produced, it will be given an age certificate to show if it is appropriate or not for a young audience based upon the content of the video game. This would be certified by PEGI (age certifications showed below).

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan_European_Game_Information





The exampled video game manuscript does offer any age restriction. From what the game appears to be, it seems to be a simplistic optional answer quiz. This form of online game is unlikely to need an age restiction as it would contain no adult content, just child-friendly quiz questions.

Monday 16 March 2015

LO1 - TASK 2: Four Script Examples

Film Script
Below is a section of the script for the famous film musical Singing in the Rain.

T.V. News Script
 Below is an example of section of a news script in it's intended presentation style - on a teleprompter.

Below is a section of the script for an episode from radio drama series The Lone Ranger.


Computer Games
Below is an example of what a video game script/code usually looks like.

LO1 - TASK 3: Style and Content Questions (First attempt/Initial questions)

Style and Content

1. All standard scripts should be written in the courier (or courier new) font, sized 12. This rule is rarely broken, except possible in the case of video game coding.



2. All characters within a script/screenplay need character descriptions so the actor understands how to act the scene and directors will understand their characters and what they should be like. It furthers information about them and develops characteristics/personality.

Usually, a character only needs one character description, which is used when they are first introduced into the script. However, a character may require multiple character descriptions if they change significantly.



3. The script is written by the scriptwriters and used by the director, actors, cinematographers, lighting and set designers to understand what they are working with and what they are required to do.

4. A video game is a very different format to a T.V./radio show or film. It relies on an active player to be involved for the game to work, whilst T.V. show can still be presented and requires no interaction from viewers.

Due to this difference in medium, the scripts are very different and a video game will need a flowchart. Flowcharts are used for video game scripts as the player can choose what action to perform, so multiple scripted scenarios are set up based on their possible action choices.

5. Within a screenplay, a character's section is set out by starting with a stage direction that signifies that they have entered the scene. If the character has not yet already been introduced or established, along with the stage directions will be a character description.

Beneath the stage directions (and possible character description) will be the character's name, centralised, followed by a colon; The character's name is always written in capital letters for a script. This indicates that the text bellow is this character's dialogue.

Amongst this text may be a stage direction within brackets, which informs of how the character moves or sounds when delivering a certain line. If the character exits the scene before the scene is completed then it will note their exit in another stage direction.



6. A video game requires a synopsis as it serves as a narrative. This may seem unconventional for other mediums, such as T.V. and film, as they are presented in a way that the plot develops and the viewers understands more as the plot progresses. Yet, this works for a video game format so they player understands from the start what the story and objective of the game is.

7. Stage direction are used in T.V. and film screenplays to inform where characters are positioned and what actions to perform. They can also inform of specific lighting or camera angle choices.

A video game must also position characters and give them set actions/movements to perform.

A radio script has no visuals, so actors do not need to perform actions. However, how lines should be delivered and placements for certain sound effects are still included with the script.

8. When a sound effect or piece of music is included within a script, it is usually noted amongst the stage directions with the word "SOUND" or the acronym "SFX" (Sound effects), followed by a a colon. It would then state the title or a brief description of the music or sound effect.

The placement depends upon how the sound effect is used. If a scene opens with this sound, it is listed at the left hand side of the script, but if it interrupts the scene/character's dialogue, it will appear at the right hand side.


9. The mode of address refers to a character's dialogue and how it should be delivered by the actor. The mode of address can be within a character description or in brackets ahead of a character's dialogue. The mode of address informs on the whether the speaker talks formally or informally. This is effected by who is saying these lines, who they are speaking to, their relationship and the scenario.

10.The narrative structure within a screenplay is the plot, which can have already been set and revealed through character's dialogue, or be a developing story created by the choice of character's actions which are witnessed by the viewer.


*cross-cutting

Genre

Fiction and Non-fiction

'Fiction' refers to something that is not real. It has been made up.
A film, T.V. show, video game and/or radio show can be created with a fiction plot/story.

Sometimes a fictional piece is required to come with the following disclaimer "All characters appearing in this work are fictitious. Any resemblance to real persons, living or dead, is purely coincidental." to avoid any legal action from those who may believe that the product is based upon themselves or someone they knew.

'Non-fiction' is based on fact. It is real.
A news T.V. show must be non-fiction as it reports true events.
A reality show should be based on actual spontaneous moments and reactions.
A documentary reports and presents true events.

 Sometimes a product can be a mixture of fiction and non-fiction as they can be based on a true event or person but the story has been exaggerated or changed significantly.

Different Target Audiences

Not all products will appeal to the same target audience due to the different ranges you can have within an audience.

For one, people have their own personal preferences and interests in genre, and as their are different genres it become difficult for films to appeal to everyone.

Stan likes horror films. Stan may like The Shining but may not like Mama Mia.

There are different age groups, so films will target themselves at the specific age group.



A specific gender type can be targeted, so the product may then not appeal to the other gender.

Their are different classes, so a specific class group can be targeted which will effect the final film outcome as different classes live different lifestyles. This is explained through the ABC1s.